Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Governments worldwide increasingly rely on health awareness campaigns to promote disease prevention and encourage behavioral change. One campaign, for example, focused on air pollution, a silent threat (1) ______ affects urban populations year-round. Public health departments (2) ______ these initiatives to educate citizens about risks and protective measures.
While campaigns vary in scope, their success often depends on the (3) ______ of reliable information delivered in an accessible format. Visuals, social media, and workshops help convey key points, with materials often (4) ______ by doctors or community leaders. Effective communication requires careful (5) ______ of terms to suit different audiences, especially when dealing with sensitive topics like mental health.
Some efforts succeed in reaching large audiences, but others struggle to (6) ______ lasting engagement or change deep-rooted habits.
who
whom
that
whose
Chỗ trống đứng sau danh từ chỉ vật và trước động từ affects.
Vì vậy, cần đại từ quan hệ làm chủ ngữ cho vật.
Chọn C. that để tạo cấu trúc đúng: threat that affects. A. who và B. whom chỉ người; D. whose chỉ sở hữu nên đều không phù hợp.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Governments worldwide increasingly rely on health awareness campaigns to promote disease prevention and encourage behavioral change. One campaign, for example, focused on air pollution, a silent threat (1) ______ affects urban populations year-round. Public health departments (2) ______ these initiatives to educate citizens about risks and protective measures.
While campaigns vary in scope, their success often depends on the (3) ______ of reliable information delivered in an accessible format. Visuals, social media, and workshops help convey key points, with materials often (4) ______ by doctors or community leaders. Effective communication requires careful (5) ______ of terms to suit different audiences, especially when dealing with sensitive topics like mental health.
Some efforts succeed in reaching large audiences, but others struggle to (6) ______ lasting engagement or change deep-rooted habits.
hold
adopt
run
raise
Chỗ trống đứng sau chủ ngữ Public health departments và trước tân ngữ these initiatives.
Cần một động từ chính ở hiện tại đơn.
Ngữ cảnh nói về việc các cơ quan y tế triển khai sáng kiến để giáo dục người dân.
Cụm run these initiatives phù hợp với nghĩa này.
Chọn C. run; A. hold thường dùng với meeting hoặc event, B. adopt nghĩa là thông qua, còn D. raise không kết hợp với these initiatives.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Governments worldwide increasingly rely on health awareness campaigns to promote disease prevention and encourage behavioral change. One campaign, for example, focused on air pollution, a silent threat (1) ______ affects urban populations year-round. Public health departments (2) ______ these initiatives to educate citizens about risks and protective measures.
While campaigns vary in scope, their success often depends on the (3) ______ of reliable information delivered in an accessible format. Visuals, social media, and workshops help convey key points, with materials often (4) ______ by doctors or community leaders. Effective communication requires careful (5) ______ of terms to suit different audiences, especially when dealing with sensitive topics like mental health.
Some efforts succeed in reaching large audiences, but others struggle to (6) ______ lasting engagement or change deep-rooted habits.
volume
extent
scale
stretch
Sau the và trước of cần một danh từ.
Câu nói đến lượng thông tin đáng tin cậy được cung cấp.
Cụm tự nhiên là volume of information.
Chọn A. volume; B. extent, C. scale và D. stretch lần lượt không phù hợp với nghĩa lượng thông tin, quy mô hoạt động và cách kết hợp từ.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Governments worldwide increasingly rely on health awareness campaigns to promote disease prevention and encourage behavioral change. One campaign, for example, focused on air pollution, a silent threat (1) ______ affects urban populations year-round. Public health departments (2) ______ these initiatives to educate citizens about risks and protective measures.
While campaigns vary in scope, their success often depends on the (3) ______ of reliable information delivered in an accessible format. Visuals, social media, and workshops help convey key points, with materials often (4) ______ by doctors or community leaders. Effective communication requires careful (5) ______ of terms to suit different audiences, especially when dealing with sensitive topics like mental health.
Some efforts succeed in reaching large audiences, but others struggle to (6) ______ lasting engagement or change deep-rooted habits.
preparing
prepare
prepared
to prepare
Danh từ đứng trước chỗ trống; cụm chỉ tác nhân, báo hiệu câu bị động.
Áp dụng cấu trúc trên: tài liệu được chuẩn bị bởi bác sĩ hoặc lãnh đạo cộng đồng.
Chọn C. prepared; A, B, D sai vì lần lượt dùng V-ing, động từ nguyên mẫu và to-V, không tạo được bị động trước by.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Governments worldwide increasingly rely on health awareness campaigns to promote disease prevention and encourage behavioral change. One campaign, for example, focused on air pollution, a silent threat (1) ______ affects urban populations year-round. Public health departments (2) ______ these initiatives to educate citizens about risks and protective measures.
While campaigns vary in scope, their success often depends on the (3) ______ of reliable information delivered in an accessible format. Visuals, social media, and workshops help convey key points, with materials often (4) ______ by doctors or community leaders. Effective communication requires careful (5) ______ of terms to suit different audiences, especially when dealing with sensitive topics like mental health.
Some efforts succeed in reaching large audiences, but others struggle to (6) ______ lasting engagement or change deep-rooted habits.
selected
selecting
selection
select
Sau “requires careful” cần một danh từ làm tân ngữ.
Cụm “___ of terms” phù hợp với danh từ chỉ sự lựa chọn.
Chọn C. selection vì “careful selection of terms” có nghĩa là sự lựa chọn từ ngữ cẩn thận.
A, B, D sai vì lần lượt là phân từ, dạng V-ing và động từ nguyên mẫu, không phù hợp sau “careful” trong cấu trúc này.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Governments worldwide increasingly rely on health awareness campaigns to promote disease prevention and encourage behavioral change. One campaign, for example, focused on air pollution, a silent threat (1) ______ affects urban populations year-round. Public health departments (2) ______ these initiatives to educate citizens about risks and protective measures.
While campaigns vary in scope, their success often depends on the (3) ______ of reliable information delivered in an accessible format. Visuals, social media, and workshops help convey key points, with materials often (4) ______ by doctors or community leaders. Effective communication requires careful (5) ______ of terms to suit different audiences, especially when dealing with sensitive topics like mental health.
Some efforts succeed in reaching large audiences, but others struggle to (6) ______ lasting engagement or change deep-rooted habits.
bring in
call in
take in
hold on
Sau to cần động từ nguyên mẫu; sau chỗ trống là lasting engagement, tức sự gắn kết lâu dài.
Ngữ cảnh cần cụm động từ mang nghĩa tạo ra hoặc thu hút sự gắn kết.
Chọn A. bring in vì có nghĩa đem lại hoặc thu hút, phù hợp với lasting engagement. B, C, D sai vì lần lượt mang nghĩa gọi đến, tiếp nhận và bám giữ/chờ đợi; hold on còn thường cần giới từ to.
Câu hoàn chỉnh: others struggle to bring in lasting engagement.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.
Urban wetlands—ecosystems such as marshes, ponds, or swampy riverbanks embedded within city environments—are increasingly recognized as essential to sustainable urban planning. Once dismissed as unusable or even hazardous, these habitats are now valued for their ability to regulate microclimates, filter runoff, and provide biodiversity pockets amid dense construction. In Vietnam, rapid urbanization has encroached upon lowland wetlands in cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, and Can Tho, reducing their ecological function. In response, new initiatives are working to rehabilitate degraded sites and restore their hydrological and ecological integrity. These efforts focus on reintroducing native vegetation, enhancing water circulation, and engaging nearby communities in stewardship practices.
Rehabilitation is not just ecological—it’s strategic. By reducing impermeable surfaces and allowing natural water flow, restored wetlands help buffer floods, particularly during Vietnam’s monsoon season. Urban planners are integrating multifunctional wetland zones into green infrastructure, offering open space, flood mitigation, and educational benefits simultaneously. Key to this approach is “adaptive restoration,” which avoids rigid blueprints and instead allows for iterative design based on local feedback. This flexibility ensures interventions remain responsive to urban dynamics while maximizing long-term ecological performance.
Yet, challenges persist. Many urban wetlands remain fragmented or isolated, which limits their ecological connectivity and reduces resilience. In some districts, reclaimed wetlands face pressures from encroaching development, illegal dumping, and insufficient legal protection. One common setback is a disconnect between technical planners and local residents. Without shared understanding, some community members may not support maintenance efforts, leading to degradation over time. Addressing this requires improved communication frameworks, inclusive planning workshops, and more transparent land-use governance. These solutions are intended to reduce misalignment and build trust. When implemented well, they can foster civic ownership and long-term sustainability.
The revival of urban wetlands represents more than an ecological fix—it’s a paradigm shift. These projects signal a broader movement toward nature-based urbanism in Vietnam, one that balances infrastructure development with ecosystem services. Several pilot wetlands in Ho Chi Minh City now act as living laboratories, demonstrating how hydrology, community engagement, and biodiversity can coexist in dense urban settings. Continued investment, cross-sector coordination, and educational outreach will be vital. While full recovery may be gradual, the momentum suggests a promising trajectory.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as a benefit of urban wetlands?
cooling urban temperatures
encouraging tourism
supporting biodiversity
providing recreation spaces
Đoạn 1 nêu wetlands có khả năng điều hòa vi khí hậu, lọc nước chảy tràn và hỗ trợ đa dạng sinh học.
A tương ứng với “regulate microclimates”; C tương ứng với “provide biodiversity pockets”. D liên quan đến không gian đô thị, còn B — “encouraging tourism” — không xuất hiện trong đoạn.
Chọn B vì đoạn 1 không đề cập lợi ích khuyến khích du lịch; A và C có chi tiết tương ứng, còn D không phải đáp án theo định hướng đề.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.
Urban wetlands—ecosystems such as marshes, ponds, or swampy riverbanks embedded within city environments—are increasingly recognized as essential to sustainable urban planning. Once dismissed as unusable or even hazardous, these habitats are now valued for their ability to regulate microclimates, filter runoff, and provide biodiversity pockets amid dense construction. In Vietnam, rapid urbanization has encroached upon lowland wetlands in cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, and Can Tho, reducing their ecological function. In response, new initiatives are working to rehabilitate degraded sites and restore their hydrological and ecological integrity. These efforts focus on reintroducing native vegetation, enhancing water circulation, and engaging nearby communities in stewardship practices.
Rehabilitation is not just ecological—it’s strategic. By reducing impermeable surfaces and allowing natural water flow, restored wetlands help buffer floods, particularly during Vietnam’s monsoon season. Urban planners are integrating multifunctional wetland zones into green infrastructure, offering open space, flood mitigation, and educational benefits simultaneously. Key to this approach is “adaptive restoration,” which avoids rigid blueprints and instead allows for iterative design based on local feedback. This flexibility ensures interventions remain responsive to urban dynamics while maximizing long-term ecological performance.
Yet, challenges persist. Many urban wetlands remain fragmented or isolated, which limits their ecological connectivity and reduces resilience. In some districts, reclaimed wetlands face pressures from encroaching development, illegal dumping, and insufficient legal protection. One common setback is a disconnect between technical planners and local residents. Without shared understanding, some community members may not support maintenance efforts, leading to degradation over time. Addressing this requires improved communication frameworks, inclusive planning workshops, and more transparent land-use governance. These solutions are intended to reduce misalignment and build trust. When implemented well, they can foster civic ownership and long-term sustainability.
The revival of urban wetlands represents more than an ecological fix—it’s a paradigm shift. These projects signal a broader movement toward nature-based urbanism in Vietnam, one that balances infrastructure development with ecosystem services. Several pilot wetlands in Ho Chi Minh City now act as living laboratories, demonstrating how hydrology, community engagement, and biodiversity can coexist in dense urban settings. Continued investment, cross-sector coordination, and educational outreach will be vital. While full recovery may be gradual, the momentum suggests a promising trajectory.
The word “encroached” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to:
reclaimed
expanded into
bordered
depended on
Đô thị hóa nhanh tác động vào các vùng đất ngập nước và làm giảm chức năng sinh thái.
Vì vậy, “encroached upon” diễn tả việc đô thị hóa lấn vào khu vực này.
“Encroached upon” gần nghĩa với “expanded into”: mở rộng hoặc tiến vào một khu vực khác.
Chọn B. “Reclaimed” là cải tạo hoặc thu hồi, “bordered” là giáp ranh, còn “depended on” là phụ thuộc; cả ba không diễn tả sự lấn vào.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.
Urban wetlands—ecosystems such as marshes, ponds, or swampy riverbanks embedded within city environments—are increasingly recognized as essential to sustainable urban planning. Once dismissed as unusable or even hazardous, these habitats are now valued for their ability to regulate microclimates, filter runoff, and provide biodiversity pockets amid dense construction. In Vietnam, rapid urbanization has encroached upon lowland wetlands in cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, and Can Tho, reducing their ecological function. In response, new initiatives are working to rehabilitate degraded sites and restore their hydrological and ecological integrity. These efforts focus on reintroducing native vegetation, enhancing water circulation, and engaging nearby communities in stewardship practices.
Rehabilitation is not just ecological—it’s strategic. By reducing impermeable surfaces and allowing natural water flow, restored wetlands help buffer floods, particularly during Vietnam’s monsoon season. Urban planners are integrating multifunctional wetland zones into green infrastructure, offering open space, flood mitigation, and educational benefits simultaneously. Key to this approach is “adaptive restoration,” which avoids rigid blueprints and instead allows for iterative design based on local feedback. This flexibility ensures interventions remain responsive to urban dynamics while maximizing long-term ecological performance.
Yet, challenges persist. Many urban wetlands remain fragmented or isolated, which limits their ecological connectivity and reduces resilience. In some districts, reclaimed wetlands face pressures from encroaching development, illegal dumping, and insufficient legal protection. One common setback is a disconnect between technical planners and local residents. Without shared understanding, some community members may not support maintenance efforts, leading to degradation over time. Addressing this requires improved communication frameworks, inclusive planning workshops, and more transparent land-use governance. These solutions are intended to reduce misalignment and build trust. When implemented well, they can foster civic ownership and long-term sustainability.
The revival of urban wetlands represents more than an ecological fix—it’s a paradigm shift. These projects signal a broader movement toward nature-based urbanism in Vietnam, one that balances infrastructure development with ecosystem services. Several pilot wetlands in Ho Chi Minh City now act as living laboratories, demonstrating how hydrology, community engagement, and biodiversity can coexist in dense urban settings. Continued investment, cross-sector coordination, and educational outreach will be vital. While full recovery may be gradual, the momentum suggests a promising trajectory.
The word “iterative” in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to:
cyclical
spontaneous
experimental
predetermined
“Iterative design” dựa trên phản hồi địa phương và cho phép điều chỉnh liên tục.
Vì vậy, “iterative” mang nghĩa lặp lại để cải tiến.
Trái nghĩa với việc điều chỉnh qua nhiều vòng là kế hoạch đã được quyết định từ trước.
Chọn D. predetermined vì mang nghĩa “được định sẵn”; A, B, C sai vì lần lượt gần nghĩa lặp theo chu kỳ, nghĩa là tự phát và mang tính thử nghiệm.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.
Urban wetlands—ecosystems such as marshes, ponds, or swampy riverbanks embedded within city environments—are increasingly recognized as essential to sustainable urban planning. Once dismissed as unusable or even hazardous, these habitats are now valued for their ability to regulate microclimates, filter runoff, and provide biodiversity pockets amid dense construction. In Vietnam, rapid urbanization has encroached upon lowland wetlands in cities like Ho Chi Minh City, Da Nang, and Can Tho, reducing their ecological function. In response, new initiatives are working to rehabilitate degraded sites and restore their hydrological and ecological integrity. These efforts focus on reintroducing native vegetation, enhancing water circulation, and engaging nearby communities in stewardship practices.
Rehabilitation is not just ecological—it’s strategic. By reducing impermeable surfaces and allowing natural water flow, restored wetlands help buffer floods, particularly during Vietnam’s monsoon season. Urban planners are integrating multifunctional wetland zones into green infrastructure, offering open space, flood mitigation, and educational benefits simultaneously. Key to this approach is “adaptive restoration,” which avoids rigid blueprints and instead allows for iterative design based on local feedback. This flexibility ensures interventions remain responsive to urban dynamics while maximizing long-term ecological performance.
Yet, challenges persist. Many urban wetlands remain fragmented or isolated, which limits their ecological connectivity and reduces resilience. In some districts, reclaimed wetlands face pressures from encroaching development, illegal dumping, and insufficient legal protection. One common setback is a disconnect between technical planners and local residents. Without shared understanding, some community members may not support maintenance efforts, leading to degradation over time. Addressing this requires improved communication frameworks, inclusive planning workshops, and more transparent land-use governance. These solutions are intended to reduce misalignment and build trust. When implemented well, they can foster civic ownership and long-term sustainability.
The revival of urban wetlands represents more than an ecological fix—it’s a paradigm shift. These projects signal a broader movement toward nature-based urbanism in Vietnam, one that balances infrastructure development with ecosystem services. Several pilot wetlands in Ho Chi Minh City now act as living laboratories, demonstrating how hydrology, community engagement, and biodiversity can coexist in dense urban settings. Continued investment, cross-sector coordination, and educational outreach will be vital. While full recovery may be gradual, the momentum suggests a promising trajectory.
What does “they” in paragraph 3 refer to?
communication frameworks
local residents
workshops
proposed solutions
Ngay trước “they” là “These solutions”, chỉ các giải pháp gồm communication frameworks, inclusive planning workshops và transparent land-use governance.
Vì vậy, “they” thay thế cho toàn bộ nhóm giải pháp này.
Chọn D. proposed solutions vì “they can foster civic ownership and long-term sustainability” nói về các giải pháp được đề xuất. A và C chỉ là từng thành phần; B là local residents, không phù hợp với cụm “These solutions”.
| Câu | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Đáp án | C | C | A | C | C | A | B | B | D | D |
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