Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Student Innovation and Systemic Change
In recent years, education systems worldwide have increasingly promoted student-led innovation—not merely in academic disciplines, but as a means of challenging structural inefficiencies in their own environments. National competitions, [1] ______ often framed as platforms for “applied creativity,” now require entrants to articulate the long-term impact and replicability of their ideas. A notable example involved redesigning school transport logistics to minimize idling time and emissions, an initiative [2] ______ with both environmental and equity goals.
High-impact submissions frequently [3] ______ patterns in community behaviour, drawing on qualitative methods such as interviews or observational logs. What distinguishes these entries is not technological complexity alone, but the strategic framing of modest insights into models with broader systemic relevance. Organizers encourage submissions from [4] ______ demographic and educational profiles and ensure that [5] ______ is unintentionally excluded during assessment. The ultimate objective is to normalise [6] ______ thinking as a foundational element of educational practice.
which
that
when
where
Hai dấu phẩy bao quanh chỗ trống cho biết đây là mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.
Mệnh đề bổ sung thông tin cho danh từ đứng trước.
National competitions chỉ vật hoặc sự việc, còn từ cần điền làm chủ ngữ cho mệnh đề sau.
Cấu trúc phù hợp là N, which + V, ...
Chọn A. which; B. that không dùng trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, C. when chỉ thời gian, D. where chỉ nơi chốn.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Student Innovation and Systemic Change
In recent years, education systems worldwide have increasingly promoted student-led innovation—not merely in academic disciplines, but as a means of challenging structural inefficiencies in their own environments. National competitions, [1] ______ often framed as platforms for “applied creativity,” now require entrants to articulate the long-term impact and replicability of their ideas. A notable example involved redesigning school transport logistics to minimize idling time and emissions, an initiative [2] ______ with both environmental and equity goals.
High-impact submissions frequently [3] ______ patterns in community behaviour, drawing on qualitative methods such as interviews or observational logs. What distinguishes these entries is not technological complexity alone, but the strategic framing of modest insights into models with broader systemic relevance. Organizers encourage submissions from [4] ______ demographic and educational profiles and ensure that [5] ______ is unintentionally excluded during assessment. The ultimate objective is to normalise [6] ______ thinking as a foundational element of educational practice.
aligning
aligned
having aligned
being aligned
Chỗ trống đứng sau cụm danh từ an initiative để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ này.
initiative không tự “căn chỉnh” mục tiêu mà được căn chỉnh/phù hợp với các mục tiêu.
Vì vậy, dùng dạng bị động trong mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn.
Chọn B. aligned theo cấu trúc an initiative (which was) aligned with both environmental and equity goals. A, C, D lần lượt sai vì dùng dạng chủ động, dạng hoàn thành không phù hợp và thêm being không cần thiết.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Student Innovation and Systemic Change
In recent years, education systems worldwide have increasingly promoted student-led innovation—not merely in academic disciplines, but as a means of challenging structural inefficiencies in their own environments. National competitions, [1] ______ often framed as platforms for “applied creativity,” now require entrants to articulate the long-term impact and replicability of their ideas. A notable example involved redesigning school transport logistics to minimize idling time and emissions, an initiative [2] ______ with both environmental and equity goals.
High-impact submissions frequently [3] ______ patterns in community behaviour, drawing on qualitative methods such as interviews or observational logs. What distinguishes these entries is not technological complexity alone, but the strategic framing of modest insights into models with broader systemic relevance. Organizers encourage submissions from [4] ______ demographic and educational profiles and ensure that [5] ______ is unintentionally excluded during assessment. The ultimate objective is to normalise [6] ______ thinking as a foundational element of educational practice.
dissect
extract
uncover
interpret
Chủ ngữ là High-impact submissions, tân ngữ là patterns.
Vì vậy, chỗ trống cần một động từ mang nghĩa phát hiện hoặc tiết lộ các patterns.
Cụm “drawing on qualitative methods such as interviews or observational logs” cho thấy bài dự thi dùng phỏng vấn và quan sát để khám phá các xu hướng ẩn.
Cách kết hợp phù hợp là “submissions frequently uncover patterns”.
Chọn C. uncover vì có nghĩa “phát hiện/khơi ra” các khuôn mẫu hành vi; A. dissect thiên về mổ xẻ chi tiết, B. extract nghĩa là trích xuất và không tự nhiên với patterns, còn D. interpret là diễn giải sau khi đã có dữ liệu hoặc patterns.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Student Innovation and Systemic Change
In recent years, education systems worldwide have increasingly promoted student-led innovation—not merely in academic disciplines, but as a means of challenging structural inefficiencies in their own environments. National competitions, [1] ______ often framed as platforms for “applied creativity,” now require entrants to articulate the long-term impact and replicability of their ideas. A notable example involved redesigning school transport logistics to minimize idling time and emissions, an initiative [2] ______ with both environmental and equity goals.
High-impact submissions frequently [3] ______ patterns in community behaviour, drawing on qualitative methods such as interviews or observational logs. What distinguishes these entries is not technological complexity alone, but the strategic framing of modest insights into models with broader systemic relevance. Organizers encourage submissions from [4] ______ demographic and educational profiles and ensure that [5] ______ is unintentionally excluded during assessment. The ultimate objective is to normalise [6] ______ thinking as a foundational element of educational practice.
diversity
diversified
diverse
diversifying
Chỗ trống đứng trước cụm danh từ “demographic and educational profiles”, nên cần một tính từ bổ nghĩa cho “profiles”.
C. diverse là tính từ, phù hợp với cấu trúc và ngữ cảnh.
A. diversity là danh từ; B. diversified là V3/V-ed; D. diversifying là V-ing, lần lượt không phù hợp với vai trò tính từ cần dùng.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Student Innovation and Systemic Change
In recent years, education systems worldwide have increasingly promoted student-led innovation—not merely in academic disciplines, but as a means of challenging structural inefficiencies in their own environments. National competitions, [1] ______ often framed as platforms for “applied creativity,” now require entrants to articulate the long-term impact and replicability of their ideas. A notable example involved redesigning school transport logistics to minimize idling time and emissions, an initiative [2] ______ with both environmental and equity goals.
High-impact submissions frequently [3] ______ patterns in community behaviour, drawing on qualitative methods such as interviews or observational logs. What distinguishes these entries is not technological complexity alone, but the strategic framing of modest insights into models with broader systemic relevance. Organizers encourage submissions from [4] ______ demographic and educational profiles and ensure that [5] ______ is unintentionally excluded during assessment. The ultimate objective is to normalise [6] ______ thinking as a foundational element of educational practice.
nobody
everyone
anyone
none
Chỗ trống đứng trước “is excluded”, giữ vai trò chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề sau “ensure that”.
Vì vậy, cần một đại từ chỉ người.
“Is unintentionally excluded” mang nghĩa bị loại ra một cách vô tình; câu muốn nhấn mạnh không để bất kì người nào bị loại.
“Anyone” phù hợp với mục tiêu công bằng và bao gồm nhiều nhóm có hồ sơ đa dạng.
Chọn C. anyone; A. nobody tuy có thể hiểu được nhưng không nhấn mạnh ý “bất kì ai” rõ bằng anyone, B. everyone khiến câu mang nghĩa mọi người đều bị loại, còn D. none thường cần “of + danh từ/đại từ” và kém tự nhiên khi đứng một mình.
Read the following text and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Student Innovation and Systemic Change
In recent years, education systems worldwide have increasingly promoted student-led innovation—not merely in academic disciplines, but as a means of challenging structural inefficiencies in their own environments. National competitions, [1] ______ often framed as platforms for “applied creativity,” now require entrants to articulate the long-term impact and replicability of their ideas. A notable example involved redesigning school transport logistics to minimize idling time and emissions, an initiative [2] ______ with both environmental and equity goals.
High-impact submissions frequently [3] ______ patterns in community behaviour, drawing on qualitative methods such as interviews or observational logs. What distinguishes these entries is not technological complexity alone, but the strategic framing of modest insights into models with broader systemic relevance. Organizers encourage submissions from [4] ______ demographic and educational profiles and ensure that [5] ______ is unintentionally excluded during assessment. The ultimate objective is to normalise [6] ______ thinking as a foundational element of educational practice.
systemic
systemized
systemically
systemize
Chỗ trống đứng trước danh từ “thinking”, nên cần một tính từ theo cấu trúc .
Cụm “systemic thinking” có nghĩa là “tư duy hệ thống”, phù hợp với ngữ cảnh học thuật.
Chọn A. systemic; B. systemized là phân từ quá khứ, C. systemically là trạng từ, còn D. systemize là động từ nguyên mẫu, nên đều không phù hợp với cấu trúc trước “thinking”.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.
Intergenerational mentorship programs, uniting young and old, have galvanized Vietnam’s communities by sparking a wave of civic engagement and cross-generational collaboration. These initiatives, fueled by community-led skill-sharing, include government-backed community centers, structured mentoring pairs, organized cross-generational workshops, and coordinated volunteer networks. Additionally, they result in renewed community engagement, increased digital literacy among elders, expanded youth awareness of cultural heritage, and strengthened local social cohesion. Whence this unity? It flows from Vietnam’s 2030 social cohesion policies, where elders offer wisdom and youth share digital fluency, dismantling traditional divides. Such programs nurture a culture of reciprocity, redefining how generations connect in a rapidly modernizing nation.
At the heart of these initiatives are hybrid workshops combining heritage skills with modern competencies. A session might involve teenagers teaching elders to use online payment platforms, followed by elders guiding youth through traditional lacquer techniques. This deliberate pairing not only fosters technical proficiency but also assuages the social isolation that once kept generations apart. In some provinces, participants collaborate on environmental clean-ups or oral-history archives, reinforcing a sense of shared purpose. The emphasis on joint problem-solving means both age groups leave with broadened skill sets and greater mutual respect.
These intergenerational initiatives, including the workshops themselves, the community centers that host them, and the volunteer teams that coordinate outreach, face inconsistent attendance, uneven recruitment, and limited staffing — they confront logistical barriers that are especially severe in rural areas, where internet access and transportation are unreliable. Cultural hesitance adds another layer of difficulty, as generational divides persist unless education actively bridges them.
Intergenerational mentorship is steadily strengthening Vietnam’s social fabric, with several communities now thriving through shared learning and cross-generational cooperation. This progress, propelled by recent policy reforms, could stall without broader resources and improved infrastructure, especially in underserved regions. Yet, if investment remains consistent and support expands nationwide, these programs have the potential to unite a majority of Vietnamese by 2035. Such an achievement would reflect not only technological and policy success, but also a national commitment to building a future founded on mutual respect and inclusion.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as a feature of intergenerational mentorship programs?
State-supported hubs offering facilities for sustained cross-generational learning and collaboration activities.
Cross-age workshops designed to connect younger and older participants in structured program settings.
Volunteer-led initiatives established to link generations through coordinated community-based service projects.
Heritage-related activities intended to raise cultural awareness among younger members of the community.
Đoạn 1 nêu các đặc điểm: trung tâm cộng đồng được chính phủ hỗ trợ, cặp cố vấn, hội thảo liên thế hệ và mạng lưới tình nguyện.
Cụm “tăng nhận thức của giới trẻ về di sản văn hóa” chỉ là kết quả của chương trình.
A, B, C đúng vì lần lượt tương ứng với trung tâm cộng đồng được hỗ trợ, hội thảo liên thế hệ và mạng lưới tình nguyện.
D sai vì nói về hoạt động liên quan di sản như một đặc điểm, trong khi đoạn 1 chỉ nhắc đây là kết quả.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.
Intergenerational mentorship programs, uniting young and old, have galvanized Vietnam’s communities by sparking a wave of civic engagement and cross-generational collaboration. These initiatives, fueled by community-led skill-sharing, include government-backed community centers, structured mentoring pairs, organized cross-generational workshops, and coordinated volunteer networks. Additionally, they result in renewed community engagement, increased digital literacy among elders, expanded youth awareness of cultural heritage, and strengthened local social cohesion. Whence this unity? It flows from Vietnam’s 2030 social cohesion policies, where elders offer wisdom and youth share digital fluency, dismantling traditional divides. Such programs nurture a culture of reciprocity, redefining how generations connect in a rapidly modernizing nation.
At the heart of these initiatives are hybrid workshops combining heritage skills with modern competencies. A session might involve teenagers teaching elders to use online payment platforms, followed by elders guiding youth through traditional lacquer techniques. This deliberate pairing not only fosters technical proficiency but also assuages the social isolation that once kept generations apart. In some provinces, participants collaborate on environmental clean-ups or oral-history archives, reinforcing a sense of shared purpose. The emphasis on joint problem-solving means both age groups leave with broadened skill sets and greater mutual respect.
These intergenerational initiatives, including the workshops themselves, the community centers that host them, and the volunteer teams that coordinate outreach, face inconsistent attendance, uneven recruitment, and limited staffing — they confront logistical barriers that are especially severe in rural areas, where internet access and transportation are unreliable. Cultural hesitance adds another layer of difficulty, as generational divides persist unless education actively bridges them.
Intergenerational mentorship is steadily strengthening Vietnam’s social fabric, with several communities now thriving through shared learning and cross-generational cooperation. This progress, propelled by recent policy reforms, could stall without broader resources and improved infrastructure, especially in underserved regions. Yet, if investment remains consistent and support expands nationwide, these programs have the potential to unite a majority of Vietnamese by 2035. Such an achievement would reflect not only technological and policy success, but also a national commitment to building a future founded on mutual respect and inclusion.
The word “galvanized” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
facilitated cooperation
energized participation
strengthened unity
reinforced shared values
Đây là câu hỏi từ vựng, yêu cầu chọn nghĩa gần nhất của “galvanized”.
Cụm “sparking a wave of civic engagement” cho thấy “galvanized” mang nghĩa làm mọi người hăng hái, thúc đẩy sự tham gia mạnh mẽ.
Chọn B. energized participation vì khớp với ý thúc đẩy sự tham gia; A nhẹ hơn, chỉ là tạo điều kiện hợp tác, C lệch sang tăng đoàn kết, còn D không được đoạn văn đề cập trực tiếp.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.
Intergenerational mentorship programs, uniting young and old, have galvanized Vietnam’s communities by sparking a wave of civic engagement and cross-generational collaboration. These initiatives, fueled by community-led skill-sharing, include government-backed community centers, structured mentoring pairs, organized cross-generational workshops, and coordinated volunteer networks. Additionally, they result in renewed community engagement, increased digital literacy among elders, expanded youth awareness of cultural heritage, and strengthened local social cohesion. Whence this unity? It flows from Vietnam’s 2030 social cohesion policies, where elders offer wisdom and youth share digital fluency, dismantling traditional divides. Such programs nurture a culture of reciprocity, redefining how generations connect in a rapidly modernizing nation.
At the heart of these initiatives are hybrid workshops combining heritage skills with modern competencies. A session might involve teenagers teaching elders to use online payment platforms, followed by elders guiding youth through traditional lacquer techniques. This deliberate pairing not only fosters technical proficiency but also assuages the social isolation that once kept generations apart. In some provinces, participants collaborate on environmental clean-ups or oral-history archives, reinforcing a sense of shared purpose. The emphasis on joint problem-solving means both age groups leave with broadened skill sets and greater mutual respect.
These intergenerational initiatives, including the workshops themselves, the community centers that host them, and the volunteer teams that coordinate outreach, face inconsistent attendance, uneven recruitment, and limited staffing — they confront logistical barriers that are especially severe in rural areas, where internet access and transportation are unreliable. Cultural hesitance adds another layer of difficulty, as generational divides persist unless education actively bridges them.
Intergenerational mentorship is steadily strengthening Vietnam’s social fabric, with several communities now thriving through shared learning and cross-generational cooperation. This progress, propelled by recent policy reforms, could stall without broader resources and improved infrastructure, especially in underserved regions. Yet, if investment remains consistent and support expands nationwide, these programs have the potential to unite a majority of Vietnamese by 2035. Such an achievement would reflect not only technological and policy success, but also a national commitment to building a future founded on mutual respect and inclusion.
The word “assuage” in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to
intensify discomfort
delay action
suppress expression
neglect emotional needs
Câu chứa từ khóa: “This deliberate pairing ... assuages the social isolation ...”.
“Assuages the social isolation” cho thấy chương trình làm giảm sự cô lập xã hội.
“Assuage” mang nghĩa làm dịu, làm giảm hoặc xoa dịu.
Ngữ cảnh tích cực của chương trình củng cố nghĩa này.
Chọn A. “Intensify discomfort” nghĩa là làm tăng sự khó chịu, trái nghĩa với làm dịu hoặc làm giảm.
B, C, D lần lượt chỉ trì hoãn hành động, kìm nén sự bộc lộ và bỏ bê nhu cầu cảm xúc; không đối lập trực tiếp với “assuage”.
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 7 to 14.
Intergenerational mentorship programs, uniting young and old, have galvanized Vietnam’s communities by sparking a wave of civic engagement and cross-generational collaboration. These initiatives, fueled by community-led skill-sharing, include government-backed community centers, structured mentoring pairs, organized cross-generational workshops, and coordinated volunteer networks. Additionally, they result in renewed community engagement, increased digital literacy among elders, expanded youth awareness of cultural heritage, and strengthened local social cohesion. Whence this unity? It flows from Vietnam’s 2030 social cohesion policies, where elders offer wisdom and youth share digital fluency, dismantling traditional divides. Such programs nurture a culture of reciprocity, redefining how generations connect in a rapidly modernizing nation.
At the heart of these initiatives are hybrid workshops combining heritage skills with modern competencies. A session might involve teenagers teaching elders to use online payment platforms, followed by elders guiding youth through traditional lacquer techniques. This deliberate pairing not only fosters technical proficiency but also assuages the social isolation that once kept generations apart. In some provinces, participants collaborate on environmental clean-ups or oral-history archives, reinforcing a sense of shared purpose. The emphasis on joint problem-solving means both age groups leave with broadened skill sets and greater mutual respect.
These intergenerational initiatives, including the workshops themselves, the community centers that host them, and the volunteer teams that coordinate outreach, face inconsistent attendance, uneven recruitment, and limited staffing — they confront logistical barriers that are especially severe in rural areas, where internet access and transportation are unreliable. Cultural hesitance adds another layer of difficulty, as generational divides persist unless education actively bridges them.
Intergenerational mentorship is steadily strengthening Vietnam’s social fabric, with several communities now thriving through shared learning and cross-generational cooperation. This progress, propelled by recent policy reforms, could stall without broader resources and improved infrastructure, especially in underserved regions. Yet, if investment remains consistent and support expands nationwide, these programs have the potential to unite a majority of Vietnamese by 2035. Such an achievement would reflect not only technological and policy success, but also a national commitment to building a future founded on mutual respect and inclusion.
The word “they” in paragraph 3 refers to
The training workshops
The community learning hubs
The outreach volunteer teams
The intergenerational programs
Câu văn nêu chủ thể lớn là “These intergenerational initiatives”, sau đó liệt kê các thành phần gồm workshops, community centers và volunteer teams.
Vì vậy, “they” quay lại chỉ nhóm lớn được nêu ở đầu câu.
Chọn D. The intergenerational programs. A, B và C sai vì lần lượt chỉ workshops, community centers và volunteer teams, vốn chỉ là các thành phần của “intergenerational initiatives”.
| Câu | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Đáp án | A | B | C | C | C | A | D | B | A | D |
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